16th July, on this day
622 Traditionally
the beginning of the Islamic Era - when Mohammed begins his flight
(the Hejira) from Mecca to Medina
1054 Three Roman legates fractured relations between the Western and
Eastern Christian churches by placing an invalid Papal Bull of Excommunication
on the altar in the Hagia Sophia during Saturday afternoon divine
liturgy. This is often dated as the start of the East-West
Schism.
1212 Battle
of Las Navas de Tolosa; end of Moslem power in Spain
1439 Kissing is banned in England
1548 La Paz, Bolivia is founded
1661 The Bank
of Stockholm in Sweden is the first European country to issue
banknotes
1683 Manchu/Chinese Qing
Dynasty naval forces under commander Shi Lang defeat the Kingdom
of Tungning in the Battle
of Penghu near the Pescadores Islands.
1769 Father
Serra founds Mission San Diego, 1st mission in Calif
1775 John
Adams graduates Harvard
1782 First performance of Mozart's opera The
Abduction from the Seraglio.
1790 Congress establishes District
of Columbia
1798 US Public Health Service established and US Marine Hospital authorised
1867 Joseph
Monier of Paris patents reinforced concrete
1894 Many negro miners in Alabama killed by striking white miners
1894 Treaty
of Aoki-Kimberley signed between Japan and England
1904 Islands of the Manu'a group (Samoa) ceded to US by their chiefs
1909 Mohammed
Ali, Shah of Persia, is deposed in favour of 12 year old Sultan
Ahmad Shah.
1912 Naval torpedo launched from an airplane patented by B.A. Fiske
1918
Tsar Nicholas II, and the rest of his family, are murdered by
the Bolsheviks in the cellar of a house in Ekaterinburg.
1926 National Geographic takes 1st natural-colour undersea photos
1926 The film Son of The Sheikh, starring Rudolph
Valentino, opens in the United States several weeks before his
death, aged 31, from an ulcer.
1927 Augusto
Sandino begins 5«-year war against US occupation of Nicaragua
1931 Emperor Haile
Selassie of Ethiopia signs the first constitution of Ethiopia.
1935 The world's first parking meters go into service in Oklahoma
City - devised by local newspaper editor Carlton Magee
1936 1st x-ray photo of arterial circulation, Rochester, NY
1942 14,000
Jews living in Paris are arrested and imprison in the Winter Velodrome.
In 1995, president Jacques Chirac officially recognizes the French
police's responsibility.
1945 1st atomic bomb detonated, Trinity
Site, Alamogordo, New Mexico
1948 The storming of the cockpit of the Miss
Macao passenger seaplane, operated by a subsidiary of the Cathay
Pacific Airways, marks the first skyjacking of a commercial plane
1948 The city of Nazareth, hometown of Jesus, capitulated to Israeli
troops during Operation
Dekel led by Ben Dunkelman, after little more than token resistance,
during 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
1950 The largest ever crowd at a football match - more than 199,000
in Montevideo to see Uruguay beat Brazil 2-1 in the World Cup final
1951 King
Léopold III of Belgium abdicates in favour of his son,
Baudouin
I of Belgium
1951 Novel "Catcher
in the Rye" by JD
Salinger published
1955 Original Disneyland park opens in Anaheim, California. "Golden
Horseshoe Revue" 1st of 50,000+ performances at Disneyland
1955 Racing driver Stirling
Moss becomes first Englishman to win the British Grand Prix
1956 Karelo-Finnish
SSR becomes part of Russian SFSR
1956 Last Ringling Bros, Barnum and Bailey Circus under a canvas tent
1957 United States Marine Major John
Glenn flies a F8U
Crusader supersonic jet from California to New York in 3 hours,
23 minutes and 8 seconds setting a new transcontinental speed record.
1965 French President
Charles De Gaulle and President
Saragat of Italy open the 7 mile long Mont
Blanc road tunnel linking France with Italy.
1967 Prison brawl ignites barracks, killing 37 (Jay, Florida)
1969 In the United States, the launch of the Apollo
11 spacecraft at the start of its mission to land men on the moon.
On board the spacecraft - three US astronauts,
Neil Armstrong, Buzz
Aldrin and Michael
Collins.
1970 In Britain, Prime Minister Edward
Heath declares a state of emergency following the start of a national
dock strike - the first state of emergency issued in Britain since
1926.
1973 During Watergate hearings, Butterfield
reveals existence of tapes
1975 Beatle drummer Ringo
Starr divorces his wife Maureen, a Liverpool hairdresser
1979 Iraqi President Hasan
al-Bakr resigns and is replaced by Saddam
Hussein
1980 Ronald Reagan nominated for President by Republicans in Detroit
1981 Tun
Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad becomes Malaysia's 4th Prime Minister
until retired on October 31, 2003. Making him Asia's longest-serving
political leaders (22 years as Prime Minister of Malaysia).
1981 Shukuni Sasaki spins 72 plates simultaneously
1982 NASA launches Landsat
4 to thematic map the Earth
1983 20
killed in Britain's worst helicopter accident
1988 Michael
J Fox marries Tracy
Pollan
1990 400 die in a (7.7) earthquake in the Philippines
1990 US Empire State Building catches fire-No fatalities
1994 Comet
Shoemaker-Levy 9:comet that collided with Jupiter in 1994. Impacts
began on this date through July 22nd.
1996 Diana, Princess of Wales, announces she is severing links with
more than 100 charities
1999 In America, John
F Kennedy Jr - son of assassinated President John Kennedy - his
wife Carolyn
Bessette Kennedy, and sister-in-law Lauren
Bessette , are killed in a plane crash off the Massachusetts resort
island of Martha's Vineyard
2005 Harry
Potter and the Half Blood Prince by J.K.Rowling
released, selling over 9 million copies in the 24 hours after release.
2007 An earthquake of magnitude 6.8 and aftershock of 6.6 occur off
the Niigata coast, Japan, killing 8 people with at least 800 injured
and damaging a nuclear power plant. See 2007
Chuetsu offshore earthquake.
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Birthdates which
occurred on 16th July :
1704 John Kay England,
machinist, invented flying shuttle
1723 Sir Joshua Reynolds England, portrait painter (Simplicity)
1746 Giuseppe Piazzi discovered 1st asteroid (Ceres)
1821 Mary Baker Eddy founded Christian Science (Science & Health)
1858 EugŠne Ysa˜e Belgium, violinist/conductor/composer
(Pierill Hou‹ou)
1862 Ida B Wells famous African
1872 Roald Amundsen Norway, explorer, discovered South Pole
1887 "Shoeless" Joe Jackson black sox player (Say it aint
so, Joe)
1888 Frits Zernike invented phase-contrast microscope (Nobel 1953)
1896 Trygve Lie 1st UN Secretary-General (1946-52)
19-- Concha Valdes Miranda Havana Cuba, singer
19-- Faye Grant Detroit Mich, actress (Dr Julie Parrish-V)
1904 Goffredo Petrassi Zagarolo Italy, composer (Beatitudines)
1907 Barbara Stanwyck Bkln, actress (Dynasty II, Big Valley, Thorn
Birds)
1907 Orville Redenbacher popcorn king (Orville Redenbacher's Gourmet)
1911 Ginger Rogers [Virginia McMath], Independence Mo, dancer/actress
1912 Ray Barr NYC, pianist (Vincent Lopez Show)
1915 Barnard Hughes Bedford Hills NY, (Tron, Where's Poppa, Best Friends)
1915 Laverne Andrews Minneapolis, Andrew Sister (or 0706)
1917 William Bishop Oak Park Ill, actor (Steve-It's a Great Life)
1924 Bess Myerson NYC, 1st Jewish Miss America (1945)
1925 Phillip Pine Hartford Ct, actor (Set-Up, Under the Ground)
1928 Bella Davidovich Baku Russia, pianist (Chopin, Beethoven, Ravel)
1932 Milly Vitale actress (7 Little Foys, War & Peace, Juggler)
1932 Oleg Protopopov Russia, olympic pairs skater (Gold 1964, 68)
1932 Richard L Thornburgh Penn, US Attorney General (1988- )
1936 Buddy Merrill Torrey Utah, guitarist (Lawrence Welk Show)
1939 Corin Redgrave London, actor (Excalibur, Man For All Seasons
1942 Desmond Dekker reggae pioneer (The Aces-Israelites)
1942 Margaret Smith Court Australia, tennis pro (1970 Grand Slam)
1948 Pinchas Zukerman Tel Aviv Israel, violinist/violist (Leventritt
1967)
1948 Rub‚n Blades salsa singer/actor (Critical Condition, Last
Fight)
1949 Cyndy Garvey Detroit, wife of Steve Garvey, talk show host (AM
LA)
1952 Stewart Copeland drummer (The Police-Roxanne)
1953 Philece Sampler San Angelo, Tx, actress (Another World)
1960 Gisela Beyer German DR, discus thrower (Olympics-4th place-1980)
1963 Phoebe Cates Manhattan NY, actress (Fast Times at Ridgemount
High)
1969 Rain Pryor actress (Head of the Class)
1971 Corey Feldman Encino Calif, actor (License to Drive, Stand by
Me)
1972 Mindy Carson NYC, vocalist (Club Embassy, Ford Star Revue)
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Deaths which occurred
on July 16th:
1918 Nicholas II Russian tsar, his tsarina and their 5 children are
executed
1981 Harry Chapin dies at 39, of a heart attack when his car is rear-ended
1982 Patrick Dewaere actor, dies at 35 of self-inflicted gunshot wound
1984 Billy Williams singer (Your Show of Shows), dies at 73
1985 Wayne King orch leader (Wayne King Show), dies at 84
1991 Frank Rizzo (Mayor-D-Phila, 1972-80), dies from a heart attack
at 70
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