18th
July, on this day
390 -BC- Battle
of Allia-Gauls inflict heavy casualties on Romans
64 The Great
Fire of Rome during the reign of Emperor Nero destroys almost
two thirds of the city. Nero blames the fire on Christians
1334 The bishop of Florence blesses the first foundational stone laid
for the new campanile (bell tower) of the Florence
Cathedral, designed by the artist Giotto di Bondone.
1536 Pope's authority declared void in England
1656 Polish-Lithuanian forces clashes with Sweden and its Brandenburg
allies in the start of what is to be known as The
Battle of Warsaw which ends in a decisive Swedish victory.
1716 Jews are expelled from Brussels, Belgium
1753 Lemuel
Haynes, escapes from slaveholder in Framingham Mass
1814 British capture Prairie du Chien (Wisc)
1853 1st train to cross the US-Canada boundary, Portland, Me.-Montreal,
PQ
1857 Louis
Faidherbe, French governor of Senegal, arrives to relieve French
forces at Kayes, effectively ending El Hajj Umar
Tall's war on the French.
1863 American Civil War: Battle
of Fort Wagner/Morris Island - The first formal African American
military unit, the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, unsuccessfully
assaults Confederate-held Battery Wagner but their valiant fighting
still proves the worth of African American soldiers during the war.
1870 The First
Vatican Council decrees the dogma of papal
infallibility.
1872 Britain introduces secret ballot voting
1901 In London, Earl
Russell goes before his Peers in the House of Lords charged with
bigamy. He pleads guilty but says he believes his divorce and re-marriage
in Nevada, USA are valid. Earl Russell is sentenced to 3 months in
prison.
1918 US and French forces launch Aisne-Marne
offensive in WW I
1919 Unveiling of the Cenataph in Whitehall, London - a World War
I memorial designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens
1925 German politician Adolf Hitler publishes the first volume of
his personal manifesto Mein
Kampf.
1931 1st air-conditioned ship (Mariposa) launched
1932 US and Canada signed a treaty to develop St Lawrence Seaway
1934 Official opening of the Mersey
Tunnel in Liverpool.
1936 Spanish Civil War begans, General Francisco Franco led uprising
1938 Douglas
"Wrong Way" Corrigan arrives in Ireland-left NY for
Califormia
1940 1st successful helicopter flight, Stratford, Ct
1942 1st legal NJ horse race in 50 years; Garden State Park track
opens
1942 Messerschmitt
Me 262 Schwalbe, 1st jet fighter, takes 1st flight
1944 Hideki
Tojo resigns as Prime Minister of Japan due to numerous setbacks
in the war effort.
1947 In Britain, Parliament passes the
Indian Independance Bill
1947 Convicted Nazi war criminal Rudolf
Hess, once deputy to German Fuhrer Adolf Hitler, is moved to Spandau
Prison in Berlin.
1947 US receives UN
trusteeship over Pacific Islands
1951 Jersey
Joe Walcott at 37 becomes oldest to win heavyweight champion
with KO of Ezzard Charles in 5
1951 Uruguay accepts its constitution
1955 1st electric power generated from atomic energy sold commercially
1964 Race riot in Harlem (NYC); riots spread to Bedford-Stuyvesant
(Bkln)
1965
Zond 3 launched to fly by Moon, enters solar orbit
1966 Carl
Sagan turns 1 billion seconds old
1966 Gemini
10 launched
1968 Intel
incorporates
1969 American Senator
Edward Kennedy crashes his car into Chappaquiddick River near
Martha's Vineyard on the USA's east coast. Kennedy escapes, but his
companion, Mary Jo Kopechne
1969 Mary Jo Kopechne and Sen Kennedy plunge off Chappaquiddick bridge
1972 200,000 attend Mt
Pocono rock festival in Penns
1974 World's tallest structure, 646-m Polish radio mast, completed
1975 Former British MP John
Stonehouse is flown back from Australia to face charges relating
to his attempt to falsify his own death.
1978 Egyptian and Israeli officials begin 2 days of talks
1980 Billy
Joel's "Glass Houses" album tops US chart
1980 Rohini
1, 1st Indian satellite, launches into orbit
1982 268 campesinos ("peasants" or "country people")
are slain in the Plan
de Sánchez massacre in Ríos Montt's Guatemala.
1984 On
a Wednesday in America, a gunman massacres 20 people at a MacDonalds'
restaurant in California - blaming it on the fact that 'I don't like
Mondays'.
1984 Beverly
Lynn Burns becomes first woman Boeing 747 airline captain in the
world.
1986 Videotapes released showing Titanic's sunken remains
1992 The ten victims of the
La Cantuta massacre disappeared from their university in Lima.
1994 More than 100 are killed by car bomb in the main Jewish centre
in Buenos Aires, Argentina
1995 On the Caribbean island of Montserrat, the Soufriere
Hills volcano erupts. Over the course of several years, it devastates
the island, destroying the capital and forcing most of the population
to flee.
1996 Storms provoke severe flooding
on the Saguenay River, beginning one of Québec's costliest
natural disasters ever.
1997 All 230 passengers
and crew on board a TWA Jumbo Jet are killed when it explodes over
the Atlantic Ocean shortly after leaving New York bound for Paris.
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Birthdates which
occurred on 18th July :
1635 Robert Hooke
Isle of Wight, physicist (Micrographia)
1720 Gilbert White "father of British naturalists"
1796 Feargus O'Connor County Cork, leader of the English Chartists
1811 William Makepeace Thackeray England, Victorian novelist (Vanity
Fair)
1848 William Gilbert Grace Victorian England's greatest cricketer
1853 Hendrik Antoon Lorentz Holland, physicist (Nobel 1902)
1865 Laurence Housman England, author/playwright (Victoria Regina)
1890 Charles Wilson Pres of General Motors (1940-53)/Sec of Def (1953-57)
1891 Gene Lockhart NYC, actor (Going My Way)
1894 Bernard Wagenaar Arnhem Holland, composer (3 Songs for the Chinese)
19-- Art Holiday Hartford Conn, actor (Eddie-The White Shadow)
19-- Danny Vaughn Staten Island NY, rocker (Tyketto-Wings)
19-- Susan Marie Snyder soap actress
1903 Chill Wills Seagoville Texas, actor (Fronteir Circus, Rounders)
1906 Clifford Odets US, dramatist (1961 Award of Merit-Golden Boy)
1906 S.I. Hayakawa (Sen-R-CA) educator (Language in Action)
1909 Andrei Gromyko USSR, diplomat/USSR President (1985-89) [7/5 OS]
1909 Harriet Nelson Des Moines, actress (Adventures of Ozzie &
Harriet)
1910 Red Skelton comedian (Clem Kadiddlehopper, Freddie the Freeloader)
1911 Hume Cronyn London Ontario, actor (World According to Garp, Cocoon)
1913 Marvin Miller St Louis Mo, actor (Space Patrol, Millionaire)
1914 Mack Robinson US, 200m dash (Olympic-silver-1932)
1916 Harriet Hilliard Nelson singer/actress (Ozzie & Harriet)
1918 Jane Frazee Duluth Minn, actress/singer (Alice-Beulah)
1918 Nelson Mandela Qunu South Africa, political prisoner (ANC)
1918 Pamela Brown England, actress (Alice in Wonderland, Dracula)
1921 John H Glenn Jr Cambridge Ohio, Col USMC astronaut (Mer 6, Sen-D-Oh)
1924 Howard Roberts Burlington NJ, choral director (Leslie Uggams
Show)
1924 Inge S”rensen Denmark, 200m breaststroke (Olympic-bronze-1936)
1925 Shirley Strickland de la Hunty Austria, 100m dash (Oly-bronze-1948)
1926 Jane Hylton London England, actress (Adv of Sir Lancelot)
1929 "Screamin Jay" Hawkins Cleveland, rocker (I Put a Spell
on You)
1929 Dick Button commentator/figure skater (Olympic-gold-1948, 1952)
1933 R Murray Schafer Sarnia Ontario, Canada, composer (Patria)
1933 Yevgeny Yevtushenko Russia, poet (Bratsk Station)
1935 Tenley Albright US, doctor/figure skater (Olympic-gold-1956)
1938 Britt Leach Gadsen Ala, actor (Mickey-Spencer's Pilots)
1939 Brian Auger London, fusion keyboardist (Befour, Genesis)
1939 Dion DiMucci Bronx, rocker (Dion & the Belmonts-Teenager
in Love)
1939 Hunter S Thompson writer (Fear & Loathing in Las Vegas)
1940 James Brolin LA Calif, actor (Dr Kiley-Marcus Welby, Peter-Hotel)
1940 Joseph Torre outfield/manager (Braves, Mets, 1971 NL MVP)
1941 Lonnie Mack Aurora Indiana, rocker (Baby What's Wrong)
1941 Marcia Jones Smoke Okla, 500m kayak (Olympic-bronze-1964)
1941 Martha Reeves Detroit Mich, singer (& the Vandellas-Dancing
in St)
1943 Bobby Sherman Santa Monica Calif, singer (Shindig, Here Comes
Brides)
1943 Calvin Peete black PGA golfer
1944 Jonelle Allen NYC, actress (Bessie-Palmerstown USA, Berringers)
1947 Ayn Rumen Bkln NY, actress (Janet-McLean Stevenson Show)
1947 Kurt Mann Roslyn NY, actor
1954 Ricky Skaggs singer (Toy Hearts, 2 Different Worlds)
1955 Teresa Ann Savoy London England, actress (Caligula)
1958 Nigel Twist rocker (The Alarm-In the Summertime)
1959 Audrey Landers Phila, actress (Afton-Dallas, Chorus Line)
1961 Elizabeth McGovern Evanston Ill, actress (Once Upon a Time in
Amer)
1970 Patrick Dancy TV rocker (Guys Next Door-I Was Made For You)
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Deaths which occurred
on July 18th:
1374 Francesco Petrarch Italian poet, dies at 69
1650 Christoph Scheiner German astronomer, dies at 74
1872 Benito Ju rez Cuban justice/general (battle of Acapulco), dies
at 66
1899 Horatio Alger Jr American clergyman & author, dies
1966 Bobby Fuller rocker (I Fought the Law), found dead
1969 Barbara Pepper actress (Doris Ziffel-Green Acres), dies at 57
1973 Jack Hawkins actor (Ben-Four Just Men), dies at 62
1984 James Oliver Huberty shot by police after killing 21 in McDonalds
1989 Rebecca Schaeffer actress (My Sister Sam) is shot by a fan at
21
1990 Karl Menninger psychatrist (Menninger Clinic), dies at 96 from
cancer
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